Monday, February 6, 2012

Toll Brothers (TOL) - Depressed Vol into Earnings; Feb and Mar a Little Too Similar?

TOL is trading $23.40, down 1.9% with IV30™ up 0.4%. The LIVEVOL® Pro Summary is below.



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Toll Brothers, Inc. designs, builds, markets and arranges financing for single-family detached and attached homes in luxury residential communities. The Company is also involved, directly and through joint ventures, in projects where it is building, or converting rental apartment buildings into, high-, mid- and low-rise luxury homes.

This is a vol note -- specifically depressed vol into earnings and an interesting vol comp. Let's start with the Charts Tab (six months), below. The top portion is the stock price, the bottom is the vol (IV30™ - red vs HV20™ - blue vs HV180™ - pink).



On the stock side, we can see how the underlying has been increasing rather abruptly since the lows in mid Oct. In fact, the stock is up ~67% since that time as of this writing.

On the vol side, we can see how the implied has been dipping as the stock has been rising. In that same time period when the stock has risen 67%, the IV30™ has dropped from 55.68% to 34.64% or a 38% drop. The 52 wk range in IV30™ is [24.25%, 57.54%], putting the current level in the 31st percentile. As far as I can tell, the next earnings release for TOL should be at the end of Feb -- outside of Feb expiry but inside Mar.

Not only is the implied trading in the lower third for the year while earnings are near, but it's also trading below the two historical measures I like to use. Specifically:

IV30™: 34.64%
HV20™: 44.94%
HV180™: 44.20%

Let's turn to the Skew Tab, below.



We can see all of the front three months have a similar shape -- nothing unusual there. We can also see that the Mar ATM is priced above the other two expiries, which makes sense given the earnings event. What is a bit weird, or maybe interesting, is how close the Feb and Mar options are priced in vol.

Let's turn to the Options Tab for completeness.



We can see Feb is priced to 32.57% vol while Mar is priced to 34.96%. Looking specifically at the ATM vols, we can see ~33.5% and ~35.5% for Feb and Mar, respectively.

This is trade analysis, not a recommendation.

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Friday, February 3, 2012

VIVUS (VVUS) - Bio-tech Event Approaching; Skew Reflects Downside Risk Over Upside Potential

VVUS is trading $12.44, up 0.9% with IV30™ up 3.2%. The LIVEVOL® Pro Summary is below.



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VIVUS, Inc. is a biopharmaceutical company. The Company is engaged in development and commercialization of therapeutic drugs for large underserved markets, including obesity and related morbidities, such as sleep apnea and diabetes and men's sexual health.

This is a vol note on an event stock. Let's start with the Charts Tab (six months), below. The top portion is the stock price, the bottom is the vol (IV30™ - red vs HV20™ - blue vs HV180™ - pink).



First, the stock portion.

1. On 12-22-2011 the stock dropped 16.5%. Here's a news snippet:

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Vivus Inc. saw its shares plunge 15 percent on Thursday after bad news about an ingredient in its Qnexa obesity drug, now under review by U.S. regulators.

Mountain View-based Vivus (NASDAQ: VVUS) tested topiramate, an ingredient in Qnexa, and found that babies born from moms taking the drug had a higher rate of cleft lip and cleft palate.

Source: San Francisco Business Times via Yahoo! Finance -- Vivus takes a heavy hit on obesity drug danger study, written by Steven E.F. Brown.
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2. On 1-9-2012 the stock popped 14.7%. Here's a news snippet for that one:

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Shares of Vivus Inc. rose Monday after the drug developer said the Food and Drug Administration would allow its weight-loss treatment Qnexa to be marketed to women of child-bearing age, a broader potential market, if the drug receives regulatory approval.

THE SPARK: The Mountain View, Calif., company said the FDA asked Vivus to remove a "contraindication" for women of child-bearing potential in the drug's proposed label. Contraindications state that the drug should not be used because the risk clearly outweighs any possible therapeutic benefit.

The company said a contraindication will remain for pregnant women, and its announcement should not be interpreted to mean that the potential for FDA approval has improved.

Source: AP via Yahoo! Finance -- Vivus shares climb after Qnexa FDA update.
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It's so odd how the FDA 'n stuff 'n stuff work. I mean, how can that not be interpreted as a better chance of approval? But, alas, I don't think the company was just doin' some cya, I think it's actually true.

Now, the vol portion.. Just awesome. The implied has risen from 61.21% on 12-22-2011 to now 162.27%. That's a 165% increase in six weeks. And "why", you may ask... Here you go:

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VIVUS [] mentioned earlier that an advisory committee of the Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology Products (DMEP) will meet to discuss the Qnexa NDA during 1Q 2012. The Endocrinologic and Metabolic Drugs Advisory Committee is scheduled to meet on February 22 and March 28-29

Source: BioPharmCatalyst Upcoming Adcom meetings for CHTP & VVUS.
---

Though not pictured in the six month chart, VVUS stock has moved as much as 56.5% in a day (down). That occurred on 7-16-2010 when the FDA rejected Qnexa.

Let's turn to the Skew Tab.



Here's where a simple graph reveals essentially everything. Whether or not you were a news reader, it's obvious that there is "something" happening in the Mar expiry that isn't in the rest. The Mar vol is so elevated to the other two months pictured that even the crazy downside sticky skew in Feb is below the downside in Mar.

Let's turn to the Options tab, below.



We can see Feb, Mar and Jun are priced to 103.40%, 178.225 and 128.41%, respectively. The 52 wk range in IV30™ for VVUS is [43.33%, 157.35%], so the level today is an annual high. Given that Mar vol is already priced to 178%, the annual high today is nothing more than a stepping stone to much higher levels, unless there's a delay or a surprise revelation soon.

Peaking at the individual prices, just for fun, we can see the Mar 6 puts are priced to 214% (ish) vol, or worth more than $0.50. I didn't include it here, but even the Mar 4 puts are bid, with a $0.12 x $0.18 market, yielding 221%.

It is very interesting that the upside (see skew) is priced so much cheaper (in terms of vol) than the downside. Sill, there is a nickel bid for 313 in the Mar 24 calls. The option market does reflect substantially less upside potential than downside risk per the vols by strike in Mar. I find that a little weird, but then again, the stock may be at a level that already has a bit of an approval already priced in... Or not...

This is trade analysis, not a recommendation.

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Avis Budget (CAR) - Size Comes Back for Third Day; Same Trade, Vol Pops Again -- But Is It What You think?

CAR is trading $14.68, up 2.9% with IV30™ up 12.0%. The LIVEVOL® Pro Summary is below.



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Avis Budget Group, Inc. (Avis Budget) operates in two brands in the global vehicle rental industry through Avis and Budget. Avis is a rental car supplier positioned to serve the commercial and leisure segments of the travel industry and Budget is a rental car supplier.

This is an order flow note -- a repeated trade three days in a row for size -- but it's not what it seems at first blush. CAR has traded just under 20,000 contracts on total daily average option volume of just 2,023. The largest trade was a purchase of 10,000 Mar 14 calls for $1.45. The next largest trade is a 308 lot -- so the calls are the story. The Stats Tab and Day's biggest trades snapshots are included (below).





The Options Tab (below) illustrates that the calls are trading on an existing OI of more than 20,000.



Here's where it gets cool. The OI as of Wed morning in that strike was in the two hundred range. Then these two trades hit on Wed and Thurs.





So we can see on Wed and Thurs (and now Fri) 10,000 Mar 14 calls have been purchased for $1.40, $1.30 and $1.45, respectively. That's massively bullish right? Well, no...

Each of those trades were tied to stock; 750,000 shares of short stock to be exact.



That means 75% of the long calls are in fact long puts (remember put-cal parity). Said differently, it's not a 30,000 long call position, it's 22,500 long puts and 7,500 long calls. That's bearish -- massively so given the vega position. I've included the stock trade from today, below. Using the vega as of today, we're looking at ~$57,000 of vega -- so the position rises (loses) that much for each vol point increase (decrease), ceteris paribus.

The Skew Tab snap (below) illustrates the vols by strike by month.



We can see the front is elevated to the back -- that's a reflection of earnings which are due out right before Feb expo per Livevol® projections. But, perhaps this is a bet that earnings come out in Mar given the vega.  In fact, if the stock sits still and the vol pops 10 points (it's up 6.4 vol points in Mar today) in Mar off of a company announcement of an earnings date, that's a half million dollar win.

The shape of the skew isn't really the vol story -- for that we need a more holistic view. Let's turn to the Charts Tab (6 months), below. The top portion is the stock price, the bottom is the vol (IV30™ - red vs HV20™ - blue vs HV180™ - pink).



First, the stock portion shows a substantial gain over the last month -- the stock is up ~37% in that time. The vol had been fairly muted, even declining into that rally... until a week ago. IV30™ was 45.08% and is now 62.18%, or a 38% increase with a 12% increase today, alone.

The 52 wk range in IV30™ for CAR is [36.42%, 86.40%] which puts the current level in the 52nd percentile. From a purely curious place, I'm very interested to watch what happens in CAR into Mar expo. Note that the order flow is in Mar -- so either it's a bet that earnings actually fall into Mar and NOT Feb, or... it's something else...

This is trade analysis, not a recommendation.

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Thursday, February 2, 2012

Zynga (ZNGA) - Stock and Vol Pop on Facebook Disclosures, But... Has Anything Really Changed?

ZNGA is trading $12.55, up 18.4% with IV30™ up 17.4%. The LIVEVOL® Pro Summary is below.



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Zynga Inc. (Zynga), formerly Presidio Media LLC, is a social game developer with 232 million average monthly active users (MAUs) in 166 countries. The Company’s games are accessible on Facebook, other social networks and mobile platforms to players globally, wherever and whenever they want.

The stock is moving off of the disclosures made by Facebook in the IPO disclosures, specifically that ZNGA accounts for 12% of Facebook's revenues. Here's a great all encompassing snippet:

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SAN FRANCISCO (MarketWatch) — The filing of Facebook’s IPO papers seem to have changed investors’ attitudes about social game maker Zynga Inc.

Zynga shares jumped as much as 20% Thursday following Facebook’s IPO filing.

Since going public on Dec. 16 of last year at $10 a share, Zynga has been largely seen as a disappointment on the market, with its shares falling as low as $7.97 on Jan. 9, and not even getting back to its IPO level until late January.

And then came Facebook, with its $5 billion IPO filing late Wednesday, and its disclosure that Zynga was responsible for 12% of Facebook’s revenue of $3.7 billion in 2011. The filing boosted confidence in Zynga, and sent the shares up by as much as 20% on Thursday. The stock pulled back from its high point, but remained up by almost 17% at $12.37 by Thursday afternoon. Read full story on Facebook's IPO filing.

Source: MarketWatch via Yahoo1 Finance, Facebook lifts Zynga, Groupon, LinkedIn, written by Rex Crum.
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For all the poo-pooing of ZNGA equity, as of this writing, it's up 25.5% since its IPO on 12-16-2011. The move in stock and vol is accompanied by heavy options order flow. The company has traded more than 71,500 contracts on total daily average option volume of just 7,266. The Stats Tab and Day's biggest trades snapshots are included (below).





The Options Tab (below) illustrates the action. Feb 10 and 12 puts have traded over 7,500x, while the Feb 12 and 13 calls have traded 4,700x and 5,271x, respectively. The Feb 12 puts look like purchases while the Feb 10 puts look like sales. The Feb 12 calls look like sales while the Feb 13 calls are ambiguous. The Feb 14 calls also look like sales though I have read some reports that those were purchases. I just don't see that, honestly. Those look like someone was offering inside the NBBO and finally just hit the bid. Whatever the case, the Options Tab (across the top) shows rising vol in Feb (22.4 vol points) and Mar (11.7 vol points) -- so the circumstantial evidence is premium purchases overall.



The Skew Tab snap (below) illustrates the vols by strike by month.



ZNGA has earnings due out on 2-14-2012 AMC, so the Feb options should be elevated (in vol) to Mar. That vol diff will actually increase as we approach the earnings announcement unless there's some sort of pre-announcement or other revelation. The spike in the Mar 16 calls is interesting, for sure.

Finally, the Charts Tab is below. The top portion is the stock price, the bottom is the vol (IV30™ - red vs HV20™ - blue vs HV180™ - pink).



There's not a lot of history to go off of here, but we can see the recent pop in stock, above the IPO price. At the same time, we can see the implied rising, that is vol and stock are rising together.

I guess a fair question is, has anything actually changed in our knowledge of ZNGA that would affect the valuation so abruptly (i.e. 20% in a day)?  I'm not saying the company isn't worth $12.50 a share -- I have no idea, maybe it's worth $100 / share (or $5 / share), I'm just wondering why the change in enterprise value today?  That FB disclosure has no impact / adjustment on ZNGA's already public disclosures.  No?

This is trade analysis, not a recommendation.

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EXCO Resources (XCO) - Elevated Vol, Dipping Stock, Calendar Skew Disparity

XCO is trading $7.30, up 1.0% with IV30™ down 4.2% as of ~10:40am EST. The LIVEVOL® Pro Summary is below.



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EXCO Resources, Inc.(EXCO) is an independent oil and natural gas company engaged in the exploration, exploitation, development and production of onshore North American oil and natural gas properties.

I found XCO because of its elevated vol. In fact, as of early trading, the IV30™ had breached a new annual high. Let’s look to the Charts Tab (six months), below. The top portion is the stock price, the bottom is the vol (IV30™ - red vs HV20™ - blue vs HV180™ - pink).



Starting with the stock portion, we can see how the underlying has been dipping for the last six months. On 8-2-2012 the stock closed at $15.94. As of this writing, that’s a 54.2% drop. In the vol portion we can see that the implied has been rising to new highs, then dropping a touch only to make another new high in the near future. The 52 wk range in IV30™ is [17.70%, 83.60%], putting the current level in the 95th percentile (and over the annual high intra-day).

I actually wrote about XCO in late Dec of last year when the stock was trading $10.56, noting the elevated vol at the time (IV30™ was 72.16%). Obviously, the stock is a lot lower and vol is higher in a month’s time. You can read that post here:
EXCO Resources (XCO) - Elevated Implied, Elevated Historical, More Insider Buying Than... Everyone

Let’s turn to the Options Tab before the Skew Tab for some month to month comps.



Two things to note here:

1. The next earnings release for XCO is due out on 2-23-2012 per Livevol® Pro (and the company’s investor relations website). That means the Mar options have a vol event that the Feb expiry does not.
2. Mar vol is priced above Feb – which makes sense given #1 above.

So far, nothing weird – until the Skew Tab, below.



I wrote about this one for TheStreet (OptionsProfits), so no specific trade analysis here. I will say that both Feb and Mar exhibit an upside skew – that is, the OTM calls increase in vol by line moving further OTM. But, Mar also exhibits a rising downside skew – a normal phenomenon. Feb, however, does not.

For a stock nearing an annual high in implied vols and down more than 50% in six months with no real sign of letting up, that depressed vol in the Feb 7 puts (relative to the Feb 8 calls) is pretty weird. Doing a little more analysis:

The Feb 7 puts are priced to almost 13 vol points lower than the Feb 8 calls. But, if the Feb 7 puts were priced to the same vol as the Feb 8 calls (like Mar is set up) – say 86 vol – those Feb 7 puts would be worth $0.08 more. Further, it wouldn’t be unusual to see "sticky" prices in the Feb puts given how close expiry is -- and therefore a vol above 90%. That would push the Feb 7 puts up by ~$0.10. Of course, that's not the case... Oddly, though the options reflect elevated risk in general, the downside in Feb doesn't reflect the same risk as the upside.

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Wednesday, February 1, 2012

Georgia Gulf (GGC) - Equity Markets Reflected Higher Takeover Bid; Now Option and Equity Markets Don't

GGC is trading $35.18, up small with IV30™ up substantially by 93.7%. The LIVEVOL® Pro Summary is below.



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Georgia Gulf Corporation is a manufacturer and international marketer of two integrated chemical product lines, chlorovinyls and aromatics. The Company’s primary chlorovinyls products are chlorine, caustic soda, vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), vinyl resins and vinyl compounds, and its aromatics products are cumene, phenol and acetone.

This one is all about a hostile bid, rejections of that bid, upped bids and then a rejection of that as well... with a caveat... I've included a timeline with news snippets and links, below:

1-13-2012
Westlake Chemical Makes Unsolicited $1.03 Billion Offer [$30 / share] for Georgia Gulf
Source: Bloomberg via Yahoo! Finance

1-16-2012
Georgia Gulf Rejects Unsolicited Proposal from Westlake Chemical
Source: BusniessWire via Yahoo! Finance

2-1-2012
Westlake Chemical increased offer for Georgia Gulf to $35 per share, CNBC says
Source: Theflyonthewall.com via Yahoo! Finance

2-1-2012
Georgia Gulf rejects higher buyout offer from Westlake Chemical
Source: Atlanta Business Chronicle via Yahoo! Finance

And the caveat...
2-1-2012
Georgia Gulf Says It’s Open to Talks With Westlake
Source: Bloomberg via Yahoo! Finance

There you go. A $30 bid and rejection. A $35 bid, and rejection, but... A consideration to play nice. Or, in English, "how about a little more, eh?"

Let's look to the Charts Tab (6 months), below. The top portion is the stock price, the bottom is the vol (IV30™ - red vs HV20™ - blue vs HV180™ - pink).



In the stock portion we can see the awesome pop on the original takeover news. The stock closed at $32.93, while the bid was $30 / share. So the equity market reflected the potential for a higher bid -- that reflection proved to be correct. On that same day, the IV30™ dropped significantly from 54.51% to 38.72%. As the quiet period of speculation and waiting went on, the IV30™ dropped all the way to 21.92%. And then, there was today...

IV30™ has spiked to 42.45% (as of this writing), or a 93.7% increase. It's very "interesting" how GGC stock moved from $18.57 on 12-28-2012 to $24.48 on 1-12-2012. That's a 31.8% pop in two weeks (ish) before any news. That "kinda" means that the takeover bid for $30 / share perhaps shouldn't be compared to the $24.48 closing price pre-bid, but really the ~$18.50 level before the, ummm, the... "rumor." So maybe it's not a 23% premium, but really a 62% premium. In any case, $35 / share is the new bid. Using those same two starting prices, it's a 43% or 89% premium. So, yeah, GGC management is "Open to Talks With Westlake." Duh...

Let's turn to the Skew Tab.



We can see the upside bend to the Feb options, while Mar and May are more normal shaped. Said another way, in the very near-term, the risk reflected by the options is two-sided -- a higher bid or a deal that falls apart. But, looking out further, the risk reflected is more of a failed bid / takeover, than a higher bid. In English, the options market reflects that if a higher bid is coming, it'll have to come soon. Another interesting point is that while the underlying is still trading above the new takeover bid, it's just by a little (as opposed to over $2 on news of the $30 bid). Tricky...

Finally, let's turn to the Options Tab.



Recalling that this was an ~$18.50 stock before the news, the downside skew seems kinda, um, not scared.

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First Solar (FSLR) - Depressed Implied, Pattern Stock Gaps, Elevated Front Gamma to Back Vega

FSLR is trading $43.07, up 1.9% with IV30™ down 0.8% as of ~10:50am EST. The LIVEVOL® Pro Summary is below.



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First Solar, Inc. (First Solar) manufactures and sells solar modules with an advanced thin-film semiconductor technology. First Solar designs, constructs, and sells photovoltaic (PV) solar power systems. It operates the business in two segments: components segment and systems segment.

I found FSLR on a custom scan that searches for depressed vol. I was surprised to find this company on the list as it has a tendency to gap every “once in a while.” Let’s start with the Charts Tab (six months), below. The top portion is the stock price, the bottom is the vol (IV30™ - red vs HV20™ - blue vs HV180™ - pink).



On the stock side, we can see that the underlying has gapped twice in the last three months (ish). On the vol side we can see several phenomena:

1. As of right now, the implied is depressed to both historical realized measures. Specifically:

IV30™: 70.80%
HV20™: 80.22%
HV180™: 78.54%

2. The implied hit as high as 128.34% on 10-25-2011 – though that was earnings related. The 52 wk range in IV30™ is [38.29%, 128.34%], so the current level is in the 35th percentile (annual).

3. The stock gaps have resulted in HV20™ hitting over 144% in late Oct and over 116% in late Dec.

Let’s turn to the Skew Tab, below.



We can see that the weekly options expiring in two and a half days are elevated to the monthly expiries – that’s normal. All three expiries pictured show a parabolic skew reflecting both upside potential and downside risk. The next earnings report for FSLR should be after Feb expiry (and in Mar).

Let’s finally turn to the Options Tab.



I wrote about this one for TheStreet (OptionsProfits), so no specific trade analysis here. I can see that we can see the expiries are priced to 75.40%, 69.70% and 71.24% for Feb03 weekly, Feb monthly and Mar, respectively. While Feb and Mar show depressed vol to the historical measures, that gamma in the Feb3 weekly options is still significant -- that is, the premia aren't trivial although the options expire in less than half a week.

FSLR is a highly volatile stock with a pattern of stock gaps -- trader beware.

This is trade analysis, not a recommendation.

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